We have developed a first Germany-wide 3D data-based density and temperature model integrating geoscientific observations and physical processes. The model can serve as a reference for local detailed studies dealing with temperature, pressure, stress, subsidence and sedimentation. Our results help to improve subsurface utilization concepts, reveal current geomechanical conditions crucial for hazard assessment and gather information on viable resources such groundwater and deep geothermal energy.

In this paper we investigate the application of a solar-powered bus route to a small-scale transportation system, as such of a university campus. We investigate three different scenarios: (1) solar panels installed on the roof of bus stop shelters, (2) solar panels installed at unused open space in the university, and (3) solar roads, i.e. roads constructed by photovoltaic (PV) materials. We conclude that scenario (2) presents the lowest capital cost in relation to energy generation.

The combination of VLBI Intensive and GNSS Rapid products on the base of Normal Equations for a consistent estimation of a full set of EOPs is focused. In this context, meaningful investigations of the obtained accuracies have been carried out. The combined estimates of polar motion, UT1 and their associated rates are therefore discussed and compared with respect to the official reference series and the specific single solutions, respectively.

We study oscillations recorded at Stromboli and Campi Flegrei by different sensors. Seismicity and deformation are investigated on several time scales in order to identify the basic elements of their interaction, whose understanding should provide new insights on the predictive models. At Stromboli, a departure from the equilibrium state is marked by solid tide variations in a certain frequency band. At Campi Flegrei diurnal to annual solid tides modulate an increase of volcanic activity.

Here, three schemes have been considered for remedying the rank deficiency of the GNSS tomography problem. For this purpose, the Virtual Reference Stations (VRS) and horizontal and vertical constraints have been defined to analyze the impact of different constraints on the accuracy of the reconstructed refractivity field. The obtained results illustrate that applying VRS stations in the sparse GNSS Network can lead to a better solution compared to applying horizontal and vertical constraints.

In this article we analyze the benefit of computing a combined solution from individual orbit solutions for the low Earth orbiting satellite Sentinel-3A. The selected combination scheme for calculating the combined solution is Variance Component Estimation. It could be shown that a combination of individual solutions can be beneficial in terms of Satellite Laser Ranging validation. In our opinion the findings are well transferable to other satellite missions.

In this study we investigate groundwater flow in the deep subsurface of the Upper Rhine Graben. We make use of a 3-D numerical model covering the entire Upper Rhine Graben. The deep hydrodynamics are characterized by fluid flow from the graben flanks towards its center and in the southern half of the graben from south to north. Moreover, local heterogeneities in the shallow flow field arise from the interaction between regional groundwater flow and the heterogeneous sedimentary configuration.

Satellite Laser Ranging is one of the four fundamental geodetic space techniques for the accurate determination of geodetic key parameters related to the Earth’s geometry, rotation and gravity field. As the current global SLR station distribution is quite inhomogeneous, a simulation study has been performed in order to determine locations on Earth where additional SLR sites will be most valuable for an improvement of the results, the Antarctic region having been identified as a first priority.

The Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR) performs experiments in the Swiss Mont Terri rock laboratory to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the evolution of a repository. Activities and results by BGR from actual and still ongoing experiments are presented exemplarily focusing on main aspects regarding the behaviour of underground facilities. BGR's focus lies mainly on aspects of the construction, post-closure transient, and partly post-closure equilibrium phases.

The precise knowledge of the orientation of an Earth fixed coordinate system with respect to space is of great importance for all tasks of positioning and navigation. In this work we investigated the potential of combining measurements of Very Long Baseline Interferometry and a large ring laser gyroscope to derive highly resolved parameters describing this orientation. The ring laser is not yet at the same level of accuracy and therefore does not substantially influence the results.

Kandilli Observatory and Earthquake Research Institute (KOERI) is the oldest institute in Turkey recording, locating and archiving catalogs of earthquakes in the region. A review on the duration magnitude (M_d) and local magnitude (M_l) variations has been made and a relationship between M_d and M_l has been obtained in order to homogenize KOERI's earthquake catalogs of different time periods.

The increase of drought periods and the high water volume demand for agricultural purposes in Italy suggest to evaluate a full and rational use of all water resources, leading to a rediscovery and enhancement of untapped resources. Specifically, this research focuses on small reservoirs and on their potential contribution to a sustainable water management in agriculture.